accuracy

The fraction of system output which was predicted correctly

See also: evaluation metric

genauigkeit, exaktheit

exactitud, precisión, acierto

tarkkuus, harhattomuus

précision, justesse, exactitude

dokładność, precyzja

acoustic feature

See also: feature

característica acústica

akustinen piirre

cecha akustyczna

acoustic model

in speech recognition system, model learned from acoustic data

modelo acústico

akustinen malli

model akustyczny

acoustic monitoring

acoustic pattern recognition

acoustic scene

acoustic scene analysis

acoustics

activation function

in neural network, a function to define the output of a neuron

Función de activación

aktivaatiofunktio, aktivointifunktio

Fonction d'activation

funkcja aktywacji

active learning

a learning technique where algorithm selects the data it learns from

aprendizaje activo

aktiivinen oppiminen

aktywne uczenie

additive model

additive noise

agglomerative hierarchical clustering

aggregation

algorithm

aliasing

Amazon mechanical turk (AMT)

crowdsourcing marketplace enabling the use of human intelligence to perform tasks

angular distance

annotation

adding metadata to audio

anotación

annotointi, manuaalinen merkitseminen

adnotacja, przypis

annotation granularity

annotator

anomalous sound detection

application programming interface (API)

area under the curve (AUC)

in binary classification, an evaluation metric to considers all classification thresholds

See also: reciever operating characteristic curve

área bajo la curva

käyrän-alainen pinta-ala, luokittelijan havintojen erottelukyky

pole pod krzywą

artifical general intelligence (AGI)

See also: strong artificial intelligence, full artificial intelligence

künstliche allgemeine intelligenz

inteligencia artificial fuerte

yleinen tekoäly

intelligence artificielle forte

artificial intelligence (AI)

an ability to have machines act with apparent intelligence

künstliche intelligenz

inteligencia artificial

tekoäly

intelligence artificielle

sztuczna inteligencja

artificial neural network

See also: neural network

keinotekoinen neuroverkko

assisted living

a housing facility for people with disabilities or for adults who cannot or choose not to live independently

betreutes Wohnen

tuettu asuminen

mieszkalnictwo wspomagane

attention

attention mechanism

See also: attention

tarkkaavaisuusmekanismi

attribute

audification

audio analysis

audio caption

See also: automated audio captioning, audio captioning

äänikuvaus

audio captioning

See also: automated audio captioning

äänten kuvailu

audio classification

See also: classification

clasificación acústica, clasificación del audio

äänimateriaalien luokittelu

klasyfikacja akustyczna

audio dataset

a collection of audio examples used for system development

audiotietokanta

audio retrieval

audio signal processing

audio source separation

audio tagging

audio-visual, audiovisual

audiovisual data

auditory

relating to hearing

auditivo

kuulonmukainen, kuuloon liittyvä, kuulo-

audytywny, słuchowy

auditory event

Subjective perception of sound

See also: auditory scene

hörereignis

evento auditivo

kuulotapahtuma

Audition humaine

auditory scene

auditory scene analysis (ASA)

a model proposed by Albert Bregman for the basis of auditory perception

análisis de escenas auditivas

kuulomaisema-analyysi, kuulema-analyysi

augmented intelligence

auralization

autoencoder

See also: neural autoencoder

autocodificador

autoenkooderi

auto-encodeur

automated audio captioning (AAC)

backbone network

background noise

backpropagation, backprop

method used in neural networks to calculate gradient descent

propagación hacia atrás

vastavirta, takaisinvirtaus, takaisinlevitys

rétropropagation du gradient

backpropagation algorithm

backward pass

bag of frames

representing frames without taking into account their order

balanced accuracy (BACC)

bandwidth

baseline

baseline system

system used as reference point for comparing how well currently developed system is performing

perusmenetelmä

batch

in neural network training, a set of examples used in one iteration for model training

ryhmä, erä

batch normalization (BN)

a technique for improving the performance and stability of neural networks

See also: deep neural network, neural network, batch

ryhmänormalisointi, eränormalisointi

beamforming

technique used in sensor arrays for directional signal reception or transmission

conformación de haces

keilanmuodostus

kształtowanie wiązki

belief network

bias

big data

bigram

an ordered sequence of two items

See also: N-gram

bigrama

binary classification

a type of classification which outputs one of two mutually exclusive classes

clasificación binaria

binäärinen luokittelu, luokittelu kahteen luokkaan

klasyfikacja binarna

binary mask

binaural

related to two ears

binauraalinen, kaksikorvainen

obuuszny, dwuuszny

bioacoustics

cross-disciplinary science that combines biology and acoustics

bioakustik

bioacústica

bioakustiikka

bioacoustique

bioakustyka

block mixing

data augmentation technique

See also: data augmentation

boosting

a machine learning technique which iteratively combines weak classifiers into a classifier with higher accuracy

oppimisen kiihdyttäminen

branch

brute-force search

Systematically going through all possible candidate solutions for the problem

See also: exhaustive search

brute-force-methode

Búsqueda por fuerza bruta

raakavoimahaku

Recherche exhaustive

category

a group to which items are assigned based on similarity or defined criteria

categoría

luokka, kategoria

kategoria

cepstrum

class label

classification

identification of which categories an item belong

klassifizierung

clasificación

luokittelu, luokitus

classement, classification

classification accuracy

See also: accuracy

luokittelutarkkuus

classification error

classification model

See also: model, classification

classification of events, activities and relationships (CLEAR)

evaluation campaign organized on 2006 and 2007

classification threshold

See also: classification

classifier

See also: classification

clasificador

luokittelija, luokitin

klasyfikator

closed set

closed set classification

See also: open set classification, closed set

closed world problem

cluster

See also: cluster analysis

cluster, klumpen, geschlossene erfassungsgruppe

conglomerado

ryhmä, ryväs, klusteri

grappe, conglomérat

cluster analysis

clustering

grouping related examples together

verklumpung, verklumpend, in klumpen auftretend

clasificación

ryvästys, ryhmittely, ryhmittelyanalyysi, klusterointi, ryvästäminen

classification, classement

analiza skupień

cognitive modeling

collaborative learning

See also: federated learning

yhteisöllinen oppiminen

apprentissage collaboratif

computational audio content analysis

See also: content analysis

äänen laskennallinen sisältöanalyysi

computational auditory scene analysis (CASA)

computational linguistics

an interdisciplinary field concerned with the statistical or rule-based modeling of natural language from a computational perspective

tietokonelingvistiikka

computational modeling

computer audition (CA)

field of study of algorithms and systems for audio understanding by machine

audición por computadora

computer science

conditional probability

confidence interval (CI)

interval estimate computed from the statistics of the observed data, that might contain the true value of an unknown population parameter

konfidenzintervall, vertrauensintervall

intervalo de confianza

luottamusväli, yhteensopivuusväli

intervalle de confiance

confusion matrix

an NxN table to summarize classification performance (predicted class versus actual class)

matriz de confusión

sekaannusmatriisi, luokittelutaulukko

matrice de confusion

connectionist temporal classification (CTC)

consistent

constant-Q cepstral coefficients (CQCC)

constant-Q transform (CQT)

content analysis

context

context-aware

context vector

contrastive learning

converged

convolution

mathematical operation of two functions to produce a third function that expresses how the shape of one is modified by the other

faltung

convolución

konvoluutio

convolution, produit de composition

splot

convolution kernel

convolutional neural network (CNN)

a neural network with convolutional layers along with pooling and fully connected layers

See also: neural network, deep neural network

redes neuronales convolucionales

konvoluutioverkko, konvoluutioneuroverkko

réseau neuronal convolutif

convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN)

See also: neural network, deep neural network

corpus

cost function

See also: lost function

virhefunktio

critical band

the frequency bandwidth of the "auditory filter" created by the cochlea

frequenzgruppe

bandas críticas

kriittinen kaista, kriittinen kaistanleveys

pasmo krytyczne

cross-attention

cross-entropy

cross-entropy loss

See also: cross-entropy, entropy

ristientropiavirhe

cross-validation

a method for estimating generalization of a system for new data by reserving a subset of dataset only for testing

kreuzvalidierung, kreuzvalidierungsverfahren

validación cruzada

ristiinvalidointi, ristivalidointi

validation croisée

kroswalidacja, sprawdzian krzyżowy

crowdsourcing

data

data acquisition

data augmentation

artificially increasing the number of training examples

aineiston täydennys, datan laajennus, datalaajennus

data mining

data post-processing

See also: data preprocessing

datan jälkikäsittely, aineiston jälkikäsittely

data preprocessing

See also: data post-processing

datan esikäsittely, aineiston esikäsittely

data structure

data visualization

dataset

decision boundary

learned separating boundary between classes

päätösraja, päätöspinta

decision function

decision tree

a learning method using tree-like decision graph

árbol de decisión

päätöspuu

drzewo decyzyjne

decorrelated

deep belief network (DBN)

deep learning (DL)

a multi-level algorithm that gradually identifies things at higher levels of abstraction

aprendizaje profundo

syväoppiminen

deep machine learning (DML)

See also: deep learning

deep neural network (DNN)

neural network containing multiple hidden layers

syvä neuroverkosto, syvä neuroverkko

denoising

detection

detection and classification of acoustic scenes and events (DCASE)

detection error tradeoff (DET)

Plot of the false rejection rate versus false acceptance rate for classification systems

virheiden kompromissi

deterministic

diarization error rate (DER)

dimensionality

direction of arrival (DOA)

direction of arrival estimation (DOAE)

See also: direction of arrival

discrete cosine transform (DCT)

Transform to represent data points with a sum of cosine functions

diskrete kosinustransformation

transformada de coseno discreta

diskreetti kosinimuunnos

transformée en cosinus discrète

discrete-time Fourier transform (DFT)

discriminant analysis

discriminative learning

modeling the dependence of a target variable y on an observed variable x

See also: generative learning

disentangled representation

disentangled representation learning

dissimilarity

See also: similarity

dissimilarität, unähnlichkeit

disimilitud, diferencia, desemejanza

erilaisuus, erilaisuusmitta

dissimilitude

distance measure

distance metric

divisive hierarchical clustering

domain

domain adaptation

machine learning field to deal with cases in which a model trained on source distribution is used on different target distribution

adaptación de dominio

kohdesopeutus, uuteen ongelmaan adaptoituminen

Adaptation de domaine

domain generalization

domain shift

downmixing, down-mixing

mixing audio channels together

downstream task

duration

a length of audio signal

duración

kesto

dynamic range

early fusion

features from multiple sources are combined into a single feature set before feeding to a classifier.

See also: feature level fusion

edge AI

Utilizing artificial intelligence in an edge-computing environment.

See also: edge computing

reuna AI

edge computing

embedding model

embeddings

a low-dimensional space into which high-dimensional vectors can be translated

See also: word embedding

upotus, embedointi

empirical

ensemble

predictions of multiple models merged together

See also: ensemble learning

kokoelma, kokoonpano

ensemble learning

use multiple learning algorithms to obtain better predictive performance than any of the constituent learning algorithms alone

joukkio-oppiminen

apprentissage ensembliste

entropy

envelope function

epoch

while traning neural networks, one pass of the full training set

See also: deep neural network, neural network

opetuskierros, epokki

epoka

equal error rate (EER)

error rate

Euclidean distance

evaluation metric

event-based metric

See also: evaluation metric

tapahtumapohjainen metriikka

event offset

event onset

everyday environment

everyday listening

the interpretation of the sound in terms of its source

exhaustive search

See also: brute-force search

tyhjentävä haku

expectation maximization (EM)

an iterative method to find maximum likelihood or maximum a posteriori estimates of parameters in statistical models

EM-algorithmus

algoritmo esperanza-maximización

odotusarvon maksimointi, EM-algoritmi

algorithme espérance-maximisation

expectation value

experiment

experimental design

F-score, f1-score

an evaluation metric to take into account both the precision and the recall

See also: evaluation metric

Valor-F

F-mitta

false negative (FN)

an example wrongly predicted as negative class

falsch negativ

falso negativo

väärä negatiivinen, negatiivisten tapausten virhe

faux négatif

false positive (FP)

an example wrongly predicted as positive class

falsch positiv

falso positivo

väärä positiivinen, positiivisten tapausten virhe

faux positif

fast Fourier transform (FFT)

feature

a measurable property of the acoustic signal

See also: acoustic feature

característica

piirre

cecha, atrybut

feature engineering

using domain knowledge of the data to manually create suitable features for machine learning

See also: feature learning

feature extraction

feature learning

automatically discover needed representations

See also: feature engineering

aprendizaje de características

ominaisuusoppiminen, ominaisuuksien oppiminen

feature level fusion

features from multiple sources are combined into a single feature set before feeding to a classifier.

See also: early fusion

feature selection

federated learning

machine learning technique to train a model across multiple devices without sharing local data examples

See also: collaborative learning

föderales lernen

Aprendizaje federado

hajautettu oppiminen

Apprentissage fédéré

feed forward network

See also: deep neural network, neural network

red neuronal prealimentada

eteenpäin kytketty verkko

réseau de neurones à action directe

feedback

feedforward

feedforward neural network (FNN)

See also: deep neural network, neural network

red neuronal prealimentada

eteenpäin syöttävä hermoverkko

réseau de neurones à propagation avant

few-shot learning

See also: one-shot learning

filter

filter bank

an array of band-pass filters

banco de filtros, banco de filtros híbrido

suodinpankki

bank filtrów

foley

Reproduction of everyday sounds in filmmaking

folksonomy

classification based on user's tags

folcsonomía

folksonomia

folksonomie

forward pass

foundation model

frame

frame blocking

See also: frame

frame stacking

free field

frequency domain

See also: time domain

frequenzbereich

dominio de frecuencia

taajuusalue

domaine de fréquence

dziedzina częstotliwości

frequency resolution

full artificial intelligence (Full AI)

See also: artifical general intelligence, strong artificial intelligence

fully connected layer

See also: deep neural network, neural network

täysin kytketty kerros

fundamental frequency

fuzzy logic

gammatone feature cepstral coefficients (GFCC)

gammatone filter

gated recurrent unit (GRU)

See also: neural network, deep neural network

Gaussian mixture model (GMM)

See also: mixture model

modelo de mezcla gaussiana

Gaussinen sekoitemalli, Gaussin sekoitemalli

generalisation, generalization

model's ability to predict correctly on data not used for training the model

generalización

yleistäminen, yleistys

generalize

generative adversarial network (GAN)

technique where a generator generates data candidates and a discriminator evaluates them.

See also: deep neural network, neural network

redes neuronales generativas adversarias

generatiivinen kilpaileva verkko

generative learning

See also: discriminative learning

generatiivinen oppiminen

gradient descent

graph neural network (GNN)

graphical processing unit (GPU)

ground truth

See also: reference label, annotation

todellinen

hand-crafted feature

using domain knowledge of the data to manually create suitable features for machine learning

See also: feature engineering

hard-coded

harmonic

head-related transfer function (HRTF)

heterogeneous

heterogeneous dataset

heuristic

a practical and suboptimial solution

heuristik

Heurística

heuristinen

hidden layer

in neural network, layer between the input layer and the output layer

See also: deep neural network, neural network

capa oculta

piilokerros

warstwa ukryta

hidden Markov model (HMM)

hierarchical classification

hierarchical clustering

histogram

histogram of oriented gradients (HOG)

holdout data

examples which are only used for testing the system's performance

See also: cross-validation

homogeneous

hyperparameter

in machine learning, a variable which is set before the learning process starts

See also: parameter

hyperparametri

hyponym

i-vector

implementation

impulse response

independent component analysis (ICA)

indexing

inference

information retrieval

information theory

input

input layer

See also: deep neural network, neural network

syötekerros, sisääntulokerros

warstwa wejściowa

inter-annotator agreement

a measurement of how well human annotators agree while annotation task

annotoijien yksimielisyys

interclass correlation

intermediate statistics

intraclass correlation

intrinsic dimension

inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT)

jackknife estimator

jackknife method

jitter

k-fold cross-validation

See also: cross-validation

k-kertainen ristiinvalidointi, k-ositettu ristiinvalidointi

k-nearest-neighbor (kNN)

See also: nearest neighbor

k:n lähimmän naapurin menetelmä

kernel

knowledge

Kullback–Leibler divergence

labeled data

labeled example

an example with audio and assigned category label

labeling

language acquisition

language-based audio retrieval

See also: audio retrieval

language model

See also: large language model, small language model

sprachmodell

modelación del lenguaje

kielimalli

modèle de langage

language-queried audio source separation

See also: audio source separation

large language model (LLM)

See also: language model, small language model

suuri kielimalli

late fusion

Combaning outputs from multiple classifiers.

latent variable

a variable that is not directly observed but is inferred based on a model from other observed variables

nicht beobachtbare variable, latente variable

variable latente

piilomuuttuja, latentti muuttuja

variable latente

layer

in neural network, a set of neurons

See also: deep neural network, neural network

capa

kerros

warstwa

lazy learner

leaderboard

a board showing the ranking of participant in a competition

tulostaulukko

leaf node

learning rate

a hyperparameter to control the size of the learning step, gradient step

See also: deep neural network, neural network

ration de aprendizaje

oppimisnopeus

leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV)

likelihood

likelihood ratio

likelihood ratio test

linear discriminant analysis (LDA)

linear prediction

a mathematical operation to estimate future values as a linear function of previous values

lineare vorhersage

predicción lineal

lineaariprediktio, lineaarinen ennustus, lineaarinen ennustaminen

predykcja liniowa

linear prediction cepstral coefficients (LPCC)

linear regression

local binary patterns (LBP)

localization

log-likelihood

logistic regression

statistical model to use logistic function to model a binary dependent variable

logistische regression

Regresión logística

logistinen regressio

Régression logistique

long short-term memory (LSTM)

See also: deep neural network, neural network

langes kurzzeitgedächtnis

pitkän ja lyhyen aikavälin muistiverkko, pitkä lyhytkestomuisti, pitkä lyhytkestoinen muisti

loss

loss function

a function to measure how far prediction are from its label

See also: cost function

verlustfunktion

función de pérdida

tappiofunktio

fonction de perte

loudness

loudness level

low-complexity model

machine learning (ML)

field of artificial intelligence that uses statistical techniques to give computer systems the ability to "learn" from data, without being explicitly programmed

See also: deep machine learning

maschinelles lernen

aprendizaje automático

koneoppiminen

apprentissage automatique

uczenie maszynowe

machine learning operations (MLOps)

machine listening

field of study of algorithms and systems for audio understanding by machine

konekuulo

słyszenie maszynowe

machine-to-machine interaction

machine vision

macro-averaging

See also: evaluation metric

makrokeskiarvoistaminen

magnitude response

majority voting

masked multi-head attention

See also: attention mechanism, multi-head attention

verhottu monipäinen tarkkaavaisuus

maximum a posteriori estimator (MAP estimator)

maximum likelihood (ML)

See also: maximum likelihood estimator

suurin uskottavuus

maximum likelihood estimator (MLE)

See also: maximum likelihood

maximum-likelihood-schätzer, ML-schätzer

estimador máxima verosímilitud

suurimman uskottavuuden estimaattori, SU-estimaattori

estimateur du maximum de vraisemblance

mean absolute error (MAE)

mean square error (MSE)

See also: root mean square error

mittleres fehlerquadrat

error cuadrático medio

keskineliövirhe, keskimääräinen neliövirhe, keskineliöpoikkeama

erreur quadratique moyenne

błąd średniokwadratowy

mean squared error (MSE)

mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs)

mel scale

non-linear perceptual frequency scale where listners judge frequencies to be equal in distance from one another.

Escala de Mel

mel-asteikko

Échelle des mels

mel-scaled spectrogram

meta learning

metadata

micro-averaging

See also: evaluation metric

mikrokeskiarvoistaminen

mini-batch

See also: batch

pienerä

misclassification

missing label

mixture model

See also: Gaussian mixture model

sekoitemalli

model mieszany

mixture signal

modal

modality

model

in machine learning system, a parameter set learned from the training data

modelo

malli

model

model selection

a task of selecting a model from a set of candidate models based on data

selección del modelo

mallin valinta

wybór modelu

modeling

monaural

related to one ears

yksikorvainen

monitoring

monoaural

See also: monophonic

monophonie

sonido monoaural

monoääni, yksikanavainen

monophonique

monophonic

See also: monoaural

monofooninen, yksikanavainen

multi-annotator

multi-class classification

classification type where prediction is done between three or more classes

classificación multiclase

moniluokkainen luokittelu

multi-condition training

multi-head attention

See also: attention mechanism

monipäinen tarkkaavaisuus

multi-label classification

classification type where multiple class labels may be assigned to each instance

See also: single-label classification

multi-modal

multi-task learning

approach where multiple learning tasks are solved at the same time

aprendizaje multi-tarea

monitehtäväoppiminen, monen tehtävän oppiminen

multichannel, multiple channel

See also: single-channel

multicanal, multiples canales

monikanavainen, monikanava-

multiclass classification

multilayer perceptron (MLP)

See also: neural network, deep neural network

mehrlagiges perzeptron

perceptrón multicapa

monikerrospäättelin, monikerroksinen perseptroniverkko

perceptron multicouche

perceptron wielowarstwowy

multimodal

multiple kernel learning (MKL)

machine learning method to use a predefined set of kernels and learn optimal combination of these kernels

music information retrieval (MIR)

interdisciplinary science of retrieving information from music

recuperación de información musical

musiikkitiedonhaku

N-gram

an ordered sequence of N items

See also: bigram, trigram

naive Bayesian classification

naive listener

narrowband

natural language processing (NLP)

near field

nearest neighbor

See also: k-nearest-neighbor

vecino más próximo

lähin naapuri

recherche des plus proches voisins

nearest neighbor classifier

See also: k-nearest-neighbor

lähimmän naapurin luokitin

neural autoencoder

See also: autoencoder

neuraalinen autoenkooderi

neural network (NN)

network of (artificial) neurons

neuronales netzwerk

red neuronal

neuroverkosto, neuroverkko, hermoverkko

réseau de neurones

sieć neuronowa

neuron

a node in a neural network taking in multiple values and generating single value as an output

neurona

neuroni

neuron

node

noise

noise suppression

noisy label

non-negative matrix factorization (NMF)

nonlinear, non-linear

normal distribution

normalization

converting values into standard range of values

normalización

normalisaatio

normalizacja

null hypothesis

general statement that there is no relationship between two measured phenomena

nullhypothese

hipótesis nula, hipótesis de nulidad

nollahypoteesi

hypothèse nulle, hypothèse zéro

hipoteza zerowa

objective

a metric the algorithm tries to optimize

objetivo

tavoite, päämäärä

one-hot encoding

representing categorical variables as binary vectors so that only single element is set to one

one-shot learning

machine learning approach where aim is to learn from a single training example

ontology

a structure of concepts or entities within a domain which are organized by relationships

ontologie

ontología

ontologia

ontologie

ontologia

open data

open set

open set classification

See also: closed set classification, open set

open world problem

optimization

optimizer

in neural network, an implementation of gradient descent algorithm

optimizador

optimoija

order of magnitude

outliers

observation points that are distant from other observations

ausreißer

valores extremos, valores atípicos, elemento raro

poikkeavat havainnot, vieraat havainnot, ulkopuoliset havainnot

valeurs aberrantes, observations aberrantes

wartości odstające

output

See also: input

salida

ulostulo, lähtö, anto, tuloste

output layer

last layer of a neural network outputting predictions

See also: deep neural network, neural network

vastekerros, ulostulokerros

warstwa wyjściowa

overfitting

a model that models the training data too closely and fails to predict correcly on new data

See also: underfitting

überanpassung

sobreajuste

ylisovittaminen, ylisovittuminen, liikasovitus

surapprentissage

przeuczenie, przetrenowanie

paralinguistics

parallel

parameter

in machine learning, a variable which is adjusted during the learning process

See also: hyperparameter

parametri

parametrization

parsing

part of speech (POS)

See also: part-of-speech tagging

wortart

categoría gramatical

sanaluokka

nature

część mowy

part-of-speech tagging (POS tagging)

the process of marking up a word in a text as corresponding to a particular part of speech

See also: part of speech

part-of-speech-Tagging

etiquetado gramatical

sanaluokan merkitseminen

étiquetage morpho-syntaxique

pattern

pattern recognition

perception

perceptron

an algorithm which takes multiple input values, runs a function on the weighted sum of the inputs and computes a single output value

päättelin, perseptroni

perceptual

See also: perception

perceptual

havainnonmukainen

perceptual spread

performance

in machine learning, refers to the goodness of the model's predictions

rendimiento

suorituskyky

performance metric

pilot study

pitch

pitch shifting

See also: pitch

tonhöhenänderung

äänenkorkeuden muuttaminen

polyphonic annotation

pooling

in neural network, reducing matrix into a smaller matrix

See also: deep neural network, neural network

kokooma, keräys

post-pruning

posterior probability

pre-trained model

a model which has been already trained

modelo pre-entrenado

esiopetettu malli

precision

a measure how often prediction is correct when predicting the positive class

See also: recall, F-score, evaluation metric

präzision

precisión

tarkkuus, täsmällisyys, toistotarkkuus

précision, reproducibilité

prediction

system's output for the input example

predicción

ennustaminen, ennuste

prediction error

principal component analysis (PCA)

a statistical procedure that uses an orthogonal transformation to convert a set of observations of possibly correlated variables into a set of values of linearly uncorrelated variables called principal components

hauptkomponentenanalyse

análisis de componentes principales

pääkomponenttianalyysi

prior distribution

prior probability, a priori probability

See also: prior distribution

prior-wahrscheinlichkeit, a-priori-wahrscheinlichkeit

probabilidad a priori, apuestas a priori

prioritodennäköisyys

probabilité a priori

probability

probability measure

prototypical network

pruning

psychoacoustics

the scientific study of sound perception and audiology

psychoakustik

psicoacústica

psykoakustiikka

psychoacoustique

psychoakustyka

quantization, quantizing

random effect

random forest (RF)

an ensemble learning method which constructs a multiple decision trees at training stage

bosques aleatorios

satunnaismetsä

forêt d'arbres décisionnels

random noise

random selection

randomization

randomness

ranking

recall

a measure how many positive classes were correctly predicted

See also: precision, F-score, evaluation metric

exhaustividad

herkkyys, sensitiivisyys, saanti

receptive field

reciever operating characteristic curve (ROC curve)

a curve of true positive rate versus false positive rate at different classification thresholds

erottelukykykäyrä, toimintaominaiskäyrä, ROC-käyrä

recognition

record

recurrent neural network (RNN)

a neural network to model sequential interactions through a hidden stage or memory

See also: neural network, deep neural network

rekurrentes neuronales netz

redes neuronales recurrentes

uusiutuva neuroverkko, toistuva neuroverkko

réseau de neurones récurrents

recursive quantitative analysis

reference data

reference label

See also: ground truth, annotation

regression

regression analysis

regularization

in machine learning, penalizes a model's compelixity in order to prevent overfitting

regularización

regularisointi

régularisation

regularyzacja

reinforcement learning

machine learning technique to focusing on peformance, finding a balance between exploration of new knowledge and exploitation of current knowledge

bestärkendes lernen

aprendizaje por refuerzo

vahvistusoppiminen, palauteoppiminen

apprentissage par renforcement

repeatability

replicability

repository

reproducibility

retrieval

reverberation

reverberation time (RT)

robitics

robust classification

robust estimator

robustness

room acoustics

room response

room simulation

root mean square error (RMSE)

See also: mean square error

wurzel der mittleren quadratischen abweichung, wurzel des mittleren quadratischen fehlers, wurzel des mittleren quadratischen gesamt-fehlers

error cuadrático medio, desviación cuadrática media, desviación standard, desviación típica, desviación estándar,

jäännösvirhehajonta, keskineliövirheen neliöjuuri

écart quadratique moyen, écart type, déviation typique, écart-étalon, erreur quadratique moyenne, erreur en moyenne quadratique

roughness

saliency

salient

sample

sample space

sampling frequency

See also: sampling rate

frecuencia de muestreo

näytetaajuus, näytteenottotaajuus

częstotliwość próbkowania

sampling rate

See also: sampling frequency

tasa de muestreo

näytenopeus, näytetaajuus

scalability

search algorithm

segment-based metric

See also: evaluation metric

segmenttipohjainen metriikka

segmentation

self-attention

See also: attention mechanism

itseistarkkaavaisuus

self-organizing map (SOM)

artificial neural network that is trained using unsupervised learning to produce a low-dimensional discretized representation of the input space

selbstorganisierende karte

mapa autoorganizado

itseorganisoituva kartta

carte auto adaptative

sieć samoorganizująca się, sieć Kohonena

self-supervised learning (SSL)

semantic information

semi-supervised learning

machine learning technique to use small amount of labeled data and large amount of unlabeled data in the learning stage

aprendizaje semisupervisado

puoliohjattu oppiminen

apprentissage semi-supervisé

sensitivity

See also: evaluation metric

sensibilidad

herkkyys, sensitiivisyys

sensor

sensor node

See also: sensor

Nodo sensor

anturisolmu

sequential analysis

shallow network

sharpness

short-time Fourier transform (STFT)

signal modeling

signal processing

signal-to-interference ratio (SIR)

signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)

significance

significance level

significance level, level of significance

similarity

similarity matrix

similarity measure

a measure to determine how similar two examples are

See also: similarity

medida de similitud

samankaltaisuusmitta

miara podobieństwa

single-channel

See also: multichannel

single-label classification

classification type where single class label may be assigned to each instance

See also: binary classification, multi-label classification

sinusoidal modeling

situational awareness (SA)

the perception of environmental elements and events with respect to time or space, the comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of their future status

situationsbewusstsein

consciencia situacional

tilannetietoisuus, tilannekuva

small language model (SLM)

See also: language model, large language model

pieni kielimalli

smoothing

softmax

sonification

sound event

sound event detection (SED)

See also: sound event

detección de eventos sonoros

äänitapahtuman havaitseminen, äänitapahtuman tunnistus

sound event instance

See also: sound event

äänitapahtumainstanssi

sound event localization and detection (SELD)

sound pressure

sound pressure level (SPL)

See also: sound pressure

nivel de presión sonora

äänenpainetaso, äänipainetaso

sound quality

sound scene synthesis

sound source

sound source distance estimation

soundscape

source distance estimation (SDE)

source proximity

source separation

See also: audio source separation

sparse matrix

matrix which has elements predominantly zero

dünnbesetzte Matrix

matriz dispersa

harva matriisi

matrice creuse

macierz rzadka

sparsity

number of zero elements a matrix divided by the total number of elements

speaker diarisation

Process of spliting audio signal in to segments accroding to the speakers

puheen diarisointi

specificity

See also: evaluation metric

tarkkuus, spesifisyys

spectral analysis

spectral centroid

spectral clustering

grouping related examples together using the eigenvalues of similarity matrix

Agrupamiento espectral

Partitionnement spectral

spectral envelope

spectral flatness

spectral flux

spectral moments

spectral roll-off

spectral slope

spectrogram

spectrum

speech analysis

speech and audio analysis

speech enhancement

improvement of speech quality by using various algorithms

puheen ehostus

speech processing

speech recognition

speech segmentation

speech separation

spoken language understanding (SLU)

Extraction of the meaning out of the speech by using automatic speech recognition and natural language understanding.

puhutun kielen ymmärtäminen

standard deviation

statistic

statistical

statistical model